Local Communities and stakeholders are involved in biodiversity conservation and in SNRM within PASZ.Community-based and stakeholders' opinions are taken into account in planning, negotiations, legal clauses and decision about "their" natural resources, at local and regional levels(SNRM and biodiversity conservation are improved by their full integration into development planning in PA Support Zones through stakeholder participatory planning structures (fora) and other means)

1. BD Compatible SNRM mainstreamed in the development plans in PASZ
10. Improved community empowerment in NRM through fully performing GELOSE/GCF arrangements as measured by the % of communities benefiting from transfers who have successfully protected their resources at the end of the 3-year trial period as determined by the evaluations scheduled before renewing the contracts
11. % of users who judge SNRM knowledge management services/ products as meeting their requirements
2. SNRM legal and institutional framework set up
3. Conservation plans developed and implemented
4. Mangrove cover in the 2 project priority zones maintained at 2004 area of 2,209 km2 level
4a.The surface within the PA and the dry and spiny forests in the PASZ is maintained at the 2006 level
4b. The rate surface covered by living coral reefs maintained at the 2006 level in the southern area of the project.
and
The rate of recovery of living coral is maintained at 2006 level in the South area of the project
5. Difference in presence and/or abundance of indicator species from the upper levels of the food chain such as large predatory species of the Lutjanidae family
(2006 level)(reporting Southern area and North Zone)
6. Presence/absence of indicator species (maintained, increased or decreased depending on the type of indicator species) in the sites where SNRM is implemented (based on recommendations from scientists) 2006 level
6a. Indicator Species in EMC Nosy Ve Aquarium A- Acanthaster plancii
- Echinometrix diadema
6b South ZoneIndicator Species - Diadema setosaEndangered Species - WhaleSpecies under strong pressure from fishing (number of species per Family)
6c. North ZoneDegradation indicator species - Diadema setosaEndangered species - WhaleSpecies under strong pressure from fishing (number of species per Family)
7. Improvement of the global efficiency index of 4 protected areas supported by GEF (Ref. ANGAP)
8. Number of households deriving income from wild resource harvests participating in sustainable natural resource management in the two target zones
8a. Southern forest areacreation of biodiversity enterprises
8b. North EMC Zoneon setting up of sectors
8c. South EMC Zoneon setting up of sectors
9. Improved voice of communes in protected areas management through fully operational collaborative management structures as represented by the percentage of COSAP complying with their rights and obligations as defined in PA management plans
12. Increase in the % of EPIII and rural development funding in each PASZ that is allocated to priority actions of the participatory development plans integrating biodiversity conservation and sustainable natural resource management.
13. Number of registered legal infractions decrease due to SNRM-related regulations enforcement & oversight through stakeholder platforms
14. Number of community based management structures (VOI) implementing sustainable and profitable NRM measures that contribute to biodiversity conservation in each ecosystem, in addition to the communities already active in the 13 field reference sites.
15. Forest cover loss rate in the protected area support zones is decreased as compared to trends observed for the reference period.
16. Presence/absence of ecosystem health indicator species in the SNRM field reference sites.
Indicator species for coral reefs are butterfly fish.Note: Ecosystem indicator species for mangrove and spiny/dry forests will be determined by scientists in 2006
17. Collaborative conservation management plans based on scientific knowledge are operational for each marine and coastal protected area
18. Effectiveness of no-take zones is shown by the presence of indicator species within and outside no-take zones.(target indicator species are the large predatory fish of the Lutjanidea family)
19. A knowledge management support system that collects and analyses economic, ecological, social & technical information on SNRM for major biomes is functional & effective.
20. Adequate information and knowledge are gathered that enable the adaptation of practical and sustainable SNRM models in the main natural ecosystems of Madagascar
21. An effective knowledge sharing management system relating to SNRM in Madagascar is in place.% of SNRM practitioners who are satisfied with the generated and shared knowledge
22. % of policy and decision makers who have basic understanding of SNRM issues (as determined through sampling surveys)

Sustainable natural resources exploitation is adopted by the local community and all stakeholders within PASZ.Measures to ensure biodiversity conservation and productive SNRM are accepted by the population in buffer zone. The PASZ targeted by the project will serve as pilot areas(termed reference sites) for experimental work to integrate PA management with SNRM in buffer zones(Measures to ensure biodiversity conservation and productive SNRM developed in the field reference sites are replicated and adapted in the PASZs)

SRNM measurements in PASZs are integrated in the MCPA management plan and conservation plan SNRM measures are mainstreamed in management and conservation plans in PASZ (for Coastal and Marine Protected Areas)(Participatory management systems for Marine and Coastal Protected Areasare improved through the integration of SNRM principles)

Knowledge management of SNRM is improved and efficient in Madagascar.The outcome combines the generation, sharing and spreading of knowledge in SNRMSNRM knowledge production contributes to efficient management of natural resources in MadagascarSharing the knowledge relative to SNRM among the stakeholders contributes to efficient and sustainable management)