This project is to enable China to fulfill its commitments under the UNFCCC to prepare its Third National Communication (3NC) and Initial Biennial Update Report (BUR) and to gradually establish a supporting system of developing NCs and BUR in accordance with the Guidelines for the Preparation of National Communications from Non-Annex I Parties (17/CP.8) and Biennial Update Reporting Guidelines for Non-Annex I Parties (2/CP.17) adopted by the Conference of Parties (COP). Based on the experience and lessons learned from the previous two NCs, the project will broaden and consolidate the network of stakeholders, including those in the government, research and education institutions, associations, social groups, enterprises, individuals and NGOs, enhance technical capacity of national experts, and strengthen the institutional framework for the preparation of NCs and BURs. Furthermore, the project will place greater emphasis on relevant policies on mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and the results of their implementation, promote the establishment and improvement of the domestic systems for measurement, report and verification, so as to enable China to effectively address climate change in the process of pursuing national sustainable development.The project will develop comprehensive national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory of 2010 and 2012, with extended categories and sources of GHG emissions and reduced uncertainties of the inventory. It will further improve the national GHG inventory database management system, with a view to administering inventory data in a more scientific way and making the preparation of GHG inventories a continuing process. The project will further improve the approach for projecting GHG emissions in China, and estimate China's CO2 emission from energy activities in 2025. It will also identify key impacts of climate change and corresponding adaptation measures, describe relevant policies and measures which China adopts to address climate change, and introduce the activities of enhancing public awareness on climate change. It will provide relevant information on addressing climate change by Hong Kong and Macao. The project will lead to the submission of the 3NC and BUR to the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UNFCCC.