This project is designed to support the Government of South Africa to achieve its BES vision of optimising the total economic benefits of the bioprospecting industries by ensuring the BES is implemented in accordance with the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing. The project will ensure that communities and companies working with genetic resources, not only increase their understanding of the Nagoya Protocol, but also apply relevant ABS requirements in development of value chains for genetic materials. The project will support development of value chains for genetic resources already identified in the 18 biodiversity economy transformation (BET) nodes already identified by the BES in 15 rural and 4 urban districts across the nine provinces of the South Africa. The project target communities have been prioritised for development of small and medium size enterprises and community-based initiatives which sustainably use of indigenous biological and/or genetic resources, with a view to redistribute the benefits in an equitable manner, across various income categories and settlement areas of the country.